La Especialidad Fundamental Odontología como integrantedel Cuerpo Militar de Sanidad en la Fuerzas Armadas Españolas: Historia y cometidos / The Fundamental Speciality of Dentistry as an integral part of the Military Health Corps in the Spanish Armed Forces: History and tasks

El estudio del marco normativo que determina la creación de la Especialidad Fundamental Odontología, como componente delCuerpo Militar de Sanidad de los Cuerpos Comunes de la Defensa, en la Fuerzas Armadas Españolas, permite abordar los cambioshistóricos que tanto en sus cometidos y funciones han afectado a la Odontología Militar en España desde su creación hasta la actualidad y poder comprender así sus capacidades presentes y futuras. (AU)

The study of the regulatory framework that determines the creation of the Fundamental Odontology Specialty, as a component ofthe Military Health Corps of the Common Defense Corps, in the Spanish Armed Forces, allows addressing the historical changesthat both in its tasks and functions have affected to Military Dentistry in Spain from its creation to the present day and thus be ableto understand its present and future capabilities. (AU)

Epidemiological methods used in the periodontal health research in military personnel: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Periodontal disease is a prevalent pathology in military personnel worldwide. The objective is to analyse the methodological features of periodontal health research performed in military personnel in their home countries. METHODS: A PRISMA systematic review of literature was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases on military periodontal health studies. Study design type, language, publication date, year, country, size and sample selection, age, sex, military, diagnostic procedure, examiners, periodontal, gingival and oral hygiene index were extracted. RESULTS: Eighty-eight out of 5355 studies found were selected, published between 1921 and 2020, with samples ranging from 52 to 16 869 individuals, generally not randomised, and consisting mainly of men with a mean age of 25 years. Predominant studies were cross-sectional descriptive studies, carried out in the Army, on American military personnel, and in the English language. Most of the studies used the WHO periodontal probe handled by two or more examiners. The Löe and Silness gingival index and the Silness and Löe plaque index were the most used indexes to assess gingival condition and oral hygiene, respectively. Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs was the most widely used periodontal index. CONCLUSIONS: Research on periodontal health carried out in military populations from the 1920s to the present has been performed from an almost exclusively descriptive approach. Issues such as the characteristics and representativeness of the samples, the epidemiological design and the different gingival-periodontal indexes used may limit the comparability of the study results.

Odontología Militar en la Operación Balmis. Retos, actividades realizadas y lecciones aprendidas / Military Dentistry in Operation Balmis. Challenges, activities carried out and lessons learned

Revisión sistemática de las actividades relacionadas con la odontología militar española y su intervención directa o indirecta durante la pandemia por SARS-Cov-2. Se describen las actividades realizadas durante la fase de formación específica en la fase de formación técnica de los alféreces odontólogos a distancia. En este artículo se analizan los problemas afrontados en las consultas dentales, las necesidades de adiestramiento y los requerimientos logísticos que requieren los protocolos odontológicos de actuación en una emergencia sanitaria de estas características tanto durante la fase de pandemia como en la postpandemia

Systematic review of activities related to Spanish military dentistry, and its direct or indirect actuation during the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. The activities carried out during the specific training phase in the technical remote training phase of cadet ensigns curriculum are described. This article analyzes the problems faced in dental consultations, training needs and the logistical requirements demanded by the dental protocols for action in a health emergency of these characteristics, both during the pandemic phase and in the post-pandemic phase

Avances en anestesia local y su utilidad en el ámbito de la odontología militar: mesilato de fentolamina / New advances in local anesthetics and their applications in military dentistry: phentolamine Mesylate

Objetivo: Describir el mecanismo de acción del mesilato de fentolamina (MF), que es un producto poco conocido en España, capaz de revertir el efecto de los anestésicos locales empleados en odontología, enumerar sus indicaciones y analizar su efectividad y seguridad. Fuentes de datos: se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos médicas así como en buscadores genéricos. Selección de estudios: Se ha seleccionado los estudios clínicos, llevados a cabo desde su aprobación como medicamento de uso en el campo odontológico, que han sido realizados en los países donde se comercializa con la misma formulación que en España. Recopilación de datos: Se han obtenido datos sobre el tiempo medio de reducción del efecto anestésico y sobre la incidencia de efectos adversos. Síntesis de datos: Todos los estudios muestran una eficacia y presencia de reacciones adversas similares, en relación con la administración del MF y de un placebo, independientemente de la forma en que se ha llevado el estudio. Discusión: El uso del MF en la actuación clínica diaria, debe ser una decisión del profesional basada en la evidencia científica y en el coste-beneficio de su administración, debiendo seleccionar que pacientes son susceptibles de su administración. Conclusiones: El MF es un medicamento eficaz y seguro en la reducción del efecto anestésico y con indicaciones tanto en el ámbito de la odontología civil como militar

Objective: Describing the mechanism of action of the Phentolamine Mesylate (PM), which is not a so well known product in Spain, capable of reversing the effect of local anesthetics used in dentistry, highlighting its indications and analizing its effectiveness and safety. Data sources: A literature review has been carried out in the main medical databases as well as in generic search engines. Selection of studies: Clinical studies have been selected, carried out since its approval as a medicine for use in the dental field, which have been tested in the countries where it is marketed with the same formula as in Spain. Data collection: Data was obtained on the average time of reduction of the anesthetic effect and on the incidence of adverse reactions. Data synthesis: All studies show an efficacy and presence of similar adverse reactions, related to the administration of PM and of a placebo, regardless of the way in which the study was conducted. Discussion: The use of the PM in the daily practice, should be a decision that must be taken by the professional based on the scientific evidence and the cost-benefit of its administration, having to select which patients are susceptible to its administration. Conclusions: PM is an effective and safe medicine in the reduction of the anesthetic effect and with indications both in the field of civil and as in military dentistry